【编者按】2017年12月4-6日，以“全球价值链时代的制度、竞争力与产业政策：借鉴中国的经验”为主题的第十二届非洲经济大会，在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴举行。对外经济贸易大学副校长赵忠秀教授、发展经济学家夏芳教授、我校全球价值链研究院顾问张晓波教授受邀出席。会上，赵忠秀教授回顾了1860年至二十世纪九十年代晚期中国工业化的诞生，指出通过建设、开放工业园，中国已在十九个省份建设了国家级新区。“中国能发展起来，靠的是倾听国民的心声、注重民心，中国人明白自己的国家在经历什么变化”。夏芳教授就发展中国家经济建设对非洲工业化提出建议。她鼓励发展中国家自主生产物品，并加入全球价值链。张晓波教授指出一直以来在中国盛行的企业思想，即保持开放的经济，“这也是一个非洲人民利用自身优势发展的机遇”。非洲经济大会上，贸大学者正积极发出贸大声音。非洲发展银行集团报道如下：

African Economic Conference: Should Africa be inspired by China’s industrial development?  

（非洲发展银行集团 2017-12-11）

Africa, which struggles to boost its industrial sector, has decided to seek inspiration from the Chinese model.

Several African delegations were eager to attend the fifth and final plenary session of the 12th African Economic Conference(AEC) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The theme of the session was “Institutions, competitiveness and industrial policy in the age of global value chains: lessons from China”.

Prof. Zhongxiu Zhao of the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing recalled the birth of Chinese industrialization, which was characterized by four main phases between 1860 and the late 1990s: the first, from 1860 to 1900, was marked by the import of equipment; the second, from 1920 to 1930, placed the private sector in the driving seat of industrialisation; the third, between 1949 and 1980, relied on cheap labour; and the fourth, which began in the late 1990s, is characterized by incentives for farmers.

China has finally launched its decentralization policy by opening industrial parks in 19 provinces.

“This is innovation on a Chinese scale, and all financial markets rely on these innovations,” said Zhao. He added that China has not yet achieved its industrial development programme since the adoption two years ago of the “Made in China” plan for the periods 2015-2025, 2025-2035 and 2035-2049. The goal is to make China a global industrial giant.

“This plan has five components: quality, green development, the optimization of population-oriented structures, the creation of new expertise, and the planning of an open market,” said Zhao. “China developed by listening to people inside the country, and not by waiting for external aid. The Chinese took notice of what was happening in their own country.”

Prof. Xiaobo Zhang, a researcher at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), acknowledged the entrepreneurial spirit that has always prevailed in China, an economy that has remained open. “In the textiles sector, for example, independent contractors are used. This means that everyone can be an entrepreneur,” said Zhang, mentioning that this is an opportunity that Africans can use to their advantage.

“As incomes rise in China, consumers want better quality products. For example, the Chinese import large amounts of Ethiopian coffee. There is therefore a huge potential for African agricultural products. Many Chinese people also want to visit Africa. The tourist sector can therefore be developed,” advised Zhang.

Prof. Fang Xia of the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing encouraged developing countries to show that they themselves can produce goods and enter the global value chain.

“You have the advantage of being on Europe’s doorstep. You must create economic zones throughout your countries. There are challenges in many African states and China can help to overcome them. Infrastructure is a key sector for improvement. It will allow the entire process to be set up,” suggested Xia.

The 2017 African Economic Conference was held from December 4 to 6, 2017 in Addis Ababa on the theme “Governance for Structural Transformation”.

Organized jointly by the African Development Bank (AfDB), the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the AEC provides a unique forum for economists and decision-makers to discuss ways to improve access to information and research on economic questions and the quality of decision-making in the field.

附原文链接：

https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/african-economic-conference-should-africa-be-inspired-by-chinas-industrial-development-17682/